They act on many different insects and some arthropods.įungal pesticides – another type of microbial pesticide – do not need to be ingested by the target pest. Viruses from the highly specialized family Baculoviridae can be used a biopesticides. One strain may act of moth larvae whilst another on mosquito larvae, for example. Each strain manufactures a different concoction of proteins that’s kills one, or a small group of, related species. Insects can be targeted by numerous bacteria however, the most common example is the use of subspecies and strains of Bacillus thuringiensis, or Bt. The bacterial type of microbial pesticide is generally taken into the pest by means of swallowing or absorbing. Although able to control many different types of pests, they are very specific in their actions. These are defined by the United Stated Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as “certain types of pesticides derived from such natural materials as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals”. Although the effect is not instant, in most cases it stops adult mosquitos emerging from pupae. It imitates the natural juvenile hormone and, as a result, interferes with normal development. This is the case with S-Methoprene, an Insect Growth Regulator (IGR), which can be against many insects including mosquitos. It has growth inhibitor and antifeedant properties impeding normal functioning of the neuroendocrine and alimentary systems of several insect species including fleas, mosquitos and flies.Ī synthetic compound can be regarded as a biochemical pesticide if it is structurally much like that of the natural substance. Originating in neem tree seeds, Azadirachtin is a well-documented example of a biochemical pesticide. These are natural substances that, although difficult to classify, impede processes such as mating, growth and development of the pest. Here we look at some of the different types that they can opt for and present some particularly common examples of each.īiopesticides fall into three main classes – biochemical pesticides, microbial pesticides and Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs). Although biopesticides only account for a relatively small portion of the pesticide market, they have several benefits over chemical pesticides and conventional farmers are switching to these in high numbers to take advantage. They occur naturally and are derived from plants, animals and microorganisms. Biopesticides are used in the protection against pests.
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